Transportation is a part of everyday life for most of us. Yet, for individuals who use wheelchairs, safety on the road depends on the proper securement of both their person and their mobility device.
Ensuring safe transportation for individuals using wheelchairs is not just a procedural task; it’s a critical safeguard that can prevent serious injury.
The Dangers of Improper Securement
A common thread in accidents involving people using wheelchairs is the improper or incomplete use of restraint systems.
Improperly secured passengers or wheelchairs can lead to serious injuries, as people may be thrown from the chair, slide under the lap belt, or the wheelchair itself may tip over in the event of an accident or sudden stop.
The most effective way to prevent this and ensure safe transportation is to implement comprehensive policy guidance on proper wheelchair securement, including clear safety measures for individuals who use wheelchairs.
Agencies and providers must ensure that staff understand:
- The complete wheelchair securement process, including how to safely use a platform lift and a four-point restraint system.
- The proper way to secure the person in their wheelchair using lap and shoulder belts.
- Individualized transportation-related supports and safeguards for each person in care.
- The need to secure any loose objects or equipment in the vehicle.
Of course, simply having a policy is not enough—staff must also be trained on the policy to ensure they understand it.
Thorough, interactive training should be held, covering the securement of both the wheelchair and the occupant. Staff should be retrained when new vehicles or securement systems are introduced.
Essential Steps for Securement
Proper securement involves two steps: securing the wheelchair and securing the person in the wheelchair.
- Securing the Wheelchair: Use a floor, four-point restraint system. This involves attaching two restraints to the front of the wheelchair and two to the back, connecting the wheelchair firmly to the vehicle floor.
- Securing the Person: Always use lap and shoulder belts designed for this purpose. The lap belt must be positioned low across the pelvis to prevent the person from sliding underneath it. The shoulder belt should rest across the chest and shoulder.
For detailed information on additional vehicle, equipment, and personal safeguards, consult the Justice Center’s toolkit, "Securing Wheelchairs in Vehicles for the Protection of People with Special Needs."
Access Toolkit
This resource is designed to equip providers with the information they need to uphold the health and safety of people with special needs during transportation.
